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Omdurman, Ladysmith and Mafeking
1897 saw Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee.
Joseph Chamberlain came to the fore as Colonial Secretary. Imperial forces were at war in Africa against the Ashantis who were raiding slaves off the Gold Coast. They were brought to heel in 1896. In the same year Lord Kitchener, British Commander in Egypt set out to recapture the Sudan and avenge the death of Gordon. Kitchener was victorious.
Lord Kitchener |
HORATIO HERBERT KITCHENER, EARL KITCHENER OF KHARTOUM (1850-1916)- Soldier from 1870
- Fought in Palestine, Cyprus, the Sudan and Egypt
- Became Governor-General of east Sudan and then Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian army in 1892
- Retook the Sudan at the Battle of Omdurman in 1898 and recaptured Khartoum
- In the Boer War was second in command to General Roberts and then Commander-in-Chief in 1900
- Introduced concentration camps in which thousands died
- Served as Commander-in-Chief in India until 1911
- Became War Minister in 1914, foresaw a long conflict and was successful in raising a volunteer army
- It was Kitchener's face on the famous pointing recruitment poster, "Your Country needs you!"
- Died in 1916 when sailing to Russian in HMS Hampshire which struck a mine off Orkney
On 23 September 1897 Queen Victoria became the longest reigning sovereign ever to sit on the English throne.
LETTER FROM SIR FRANCIS KNOLLYS, PRIVATE SECRETARY TO THE PRINCE OF WALES TO SIR ARTHUR BIGGE, ORGANIZER OF THE DIAMOND JUBILEE PREPARATIONS
Sandringham, the twenty ninth of January. The prince of Wales, had already heard from the Empress Frederica about the Emperor coming over here, and he wrote to her strongly against the idea. He hopes you will speak to the Queen very strongly from him in the same sense. He says that although the German Emperor is the Queen's grandson, it would be, he is sure, a great mistake were he to be the only Sovereign invited. He would also arrive with an enormous suite, and would try to arrange things himself and endless trouble would arise. HRH is certain the Queen will regret it if she gives way, and he hopes she will not allow herself to be persuaded by the Empress to consent.
 
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| 1837 | Victoria becomes Queen
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| 1859 | Palmerston becomes Prime Minister
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| 1861 | Prince Albert dies
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| 1865 | Palmerston dies
Russell becomes Prime Minister
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| 1868 | Disraeli becomes Prime Minister
Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
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| 1870 | Franco-Prussian War
First Irish Land Act
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| 1874 | Disraeli becomes Prime Minister
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| 1877 | Victoria becomes Empress of India
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| 1880 | Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
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| 1881 | Disraeli dies
Second Irish Land Act
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| 1885 | Salisbury becomes Prime Minister
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| 1887 | Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee
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| 1892 | Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
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| 1894 | Rosebery becomes Prime Minister
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| 1895 | Salisbury becomes Prime Minister
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| 1897 | Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee
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| 1898 | Gladstone dies
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| 1899 | Second Boer War breaks out
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| 1901 | Queen Victoria dies
Edward VII becomes king
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