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3 Oct 2014

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This Sceptred Isle

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This Sceptred Isle

The Death of Gladstone
In 1890 Lord Salisbury was Prime Minister. He introduced some moderate reforms at home. His 1891 Education Act made elementary schooling free but nothing was done for secondary education.

The Liberal Party conference took place at Newcastle in 1891. The Newcastle Programme promised ±«Óãtv Rule for Ireland, disestablishment of the Scottish and Welsh Churches, rural government, Parliaments every three years and industrial accident compensation for workers.

Gladstone was returned in 1892. In 1893 he introduced the second ±«Óãtv Rule Bill only for it to be rejected by the Lords. Indeed the only bill the Government did get through the Lords was the Local Government Act which gave us urban and district councils and elections to parish councils.

Gladstone resigned in 1894 and died four years later.

Lord Salisbury
Lord Salisbury
ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNE-CECIL, MARQUESS OF SALISBURY (1830-1903)

  • Third Maquis and a member of the Cecil family of courtiers who had served the Crown since the 16th Century
  • Conservative MP
  • Prime Minister (1885-1886, 1886-1892 and 1895-1905)
  • Disraeli's Foreign Secretary (1878-1880)
  • When Disraeli died in Opposition in 1881 took over as Conservative leader
  • Acted in the landowners' interests
  • Resisted ±«Óãtv Rule, supported the Anglican establishment
  • Resisted attempts in the late 1890s to form an alliance with Germany promoted by Joseph Chamberlain and Kaiser Wilhelm II

did you know?
The Local Government Act of 1888 set up County Councils and became the basis of local administration until the later part of the 20th Century.


EXTRACT FROM A ROYAL COMMISSION REPORT ON SECONDARY EDUCATION IN THE EIGHTEEN NINETIES

"Elementary education is among the first needs of a people ... But it is by those who have received a further and superior kind of instruction that the intellectual progress of a nation is maintained. It is they who provide its literature, who advance its science, who direct its government.

"In England, those classes which have been wont to resort to the universities have during the last sixty or seventy years fared well. Those who could afford to pay the very high charges made at some of the great endowed schools have had an education which, if somewhat one-sided, has been highly stimulative to certain types of mind. But the great body of the commercial and professional classes were long forced to content themselves with a teaching which was usually limited in range and often poor in quality, and whose defects had become so familiar that they had ceased to be felt as defects.

"The educational opportunities offered in most of our towns, and in nearly all our country districts, to boys and girls who do not proceed to the universities, but leave school at sixteen, are still far behind the requirements of our times, and far less ample than the incomes of the parents and the public funds available might well provide."

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Chronology
1837 Victoria becomes Queen
1859Palmerston becomes Prime Minister
1861Prince Albert dies
1865 Palmerston dies
Russell becomes Prime Minister
1868Disraeli becomes Prime Minister
Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
1870Franco-Prussian War
First Irish Land Act
1874Disraeli becomes Prime Minister
1877 Victoria becomes Empress of India
1880 Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
1881Disraeli dies
Second Irish Land Act
1885 Salisbury becomes Prime Minister
1887Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee
1892Gladstone becomes Prime Minister
1894Rosebery becomes Prime Minister
1895 Salisbury becomes Prime Minister
1897 Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee
1898Gladstone dies
1899 Second Boer War breaks out
1901 Queen Victoria dies
Edward VII becomes king


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