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Martin Luther King joined activists in Birmingham, Alabama, in their non-violent protest against segregation. Activists attempted to be served at a whites-only lunch counter. They were not served and were subjected to violent harassment.

Discuss the methods of the civil rights movement. In particular consider how successful the policy of non-violence was. Contrast non-violence with views that African Americans should defend themselves by any means necessary and debate which strategy was most effective. How much do these views relate specifically to the political aims of different parts of the civil rights movement?