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Bhangra music

Bhangra was originally a type of dance music from Punjab in India. Workers in the fields would sing songs to the rhythm of the drum. These songs were used to celebrate annual events, such as the harvest, and many of the song movements refer to field workers collecting the crops.

The Punjabi region of India rests on the Pakistan border
Figure caption,
The Punjabi region of India rests on the Pakistan border

Over the last 50 years, Bhangra music has been interweaved with instruments and from the UK such as and . This has become what is now classified as modern Bhangra today. Many cities have many Bhangra artists and there are dedicated Bhangra clubs.

A photograph of Buzz Singh of Kissmet performing on stage.
Image caption,
Bhangra band Kissmet: (back) Ron Singh and (front) Buzz Singh

Bhangra music

Modern Bhangra music is a fusion of cultures, mainly Indian and British. Indian instruments such as the dhol drum and tumbi are used. The dhol drum is a double headed barrel drum which plays the traditional rhythm displayed in the figure.

As in many world music traditions, rhythmic patterns are learnt vocally before being played on instruments. This is particularly the case in learning to play drum patterns in Indian and African music. The patterns are firstly sung, and then copied on the drum. The words represent the different tones that a drum can make.

An example of how a phrase can be transformed in to a rhythmic pattern
Figure caption,
An example of how a phrase can be transformed into a rhythmic pattern

The tumbi has a single string which plays in Bhangra music.

The characteristics of melodies in Bhangra music are that they move largely by step, with lots of notes being sung to one syllable. This is called a . The melodies usually use intervals, which are notes between the semitones in traditional Western harmony.