Performance feedback in sport - EdexcelTypes of feedback - intrinsic and extrinsic
Feedback is crucial to learning and refining skill and can be achieved in numerous ways. Feedback comes from the feel of a performance, the outcome of an action and can be both positive and negative.
An explanation of the importance of feedback during sport
There are two types of feedback:
intrinsic
extrinsic
Intrinsic feedback is the physical feel of the movement as it is being performed. It is what is felt by the performer as they execute a skill or performance.
Extrinsic feedback is provided by external sources, during or after a performance. It can come from teachers, coaches, team-mates and also includes things that the performer can hear or see. For example, a wheelchair basketball player can hear verbal feedback from a coach, comments from teammates, the response of the spectators and the referee's decisions. The player can see where the ball goes and what the score is.
Feedback can also be experienced at different times:
concurrent
terminal
Concurrent feedback is experienced by the performer whilst completing the action. For example, a gymnast will experience feelings of being in a balanced positioned whilst they successfully complete a handstand.
It is often the case that that concurrent feedback is also intrinsic feedback.
Terminal feedback is experienced by the performer once the movement has been completed. For example, a cricketer receives terminal feedback about the quality of their shot once the ball reaches the boundary.
It is often the case that terminal feedback is also extrinsic feedback.