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Range

The range shows how spread out the is. The bigger the range, the more spread out the data. The smaller the range, the closer together or more consistent the data.

\(\text{Range} = \text{largest value} - \text{smallest value}\)

Example

7 babies weigh the following amounts:

2.5 kg, 3.1 kg, 3.4 kg, 3.5 kg, 3.5 kg, 4 kg, 4.1 kg

Find the range of the weights of the babies.

\(\text{Range} = \text{largest value} - \text{smallest value} = 4.1 - 2.5 = 1.6\)

The range of weights is 1.6 kg.

Interquartile range - Higher

The interquartile range shows the range of the middle 50% of the data.

To find the interquartile range, subtract the value of the lower quartile (the item of data \(\frac{1}{4}\) or 25% of the way through the data) from the value of the upper quartile (the item of data \(\frac{3}{4}\) or 75% of the way through the data).

\(\text{Interquartile range} = \text{upper quartile} - \text{lower quartile}\)

The interquartile range is usually used with large data sets, cumulative frequency graphs and box plots. It is covered in more detail in Representing data.