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The Death of John Smith, Maastricht, & the Balkans
In 1993 the British government were negotiating with Sinn Fein, the political wing of the terrorist organisation, the IRA. The IRA tactic to bomb its way to the negotiating table appeared to be succeeding. In December of that year came the Downing Street Declaration which was supposed to open up talks between all parties. Gerry Adams the Sinn Fein leader said any talks should be unconditional.
The media, was now concerning itself with the futures of the Prince and Princess of Wales, especially after a transcript of a taped intimate telephone conversation between the Prince and his mistress, Camilla Parker-Bowles, was published.
At Westminster the centrepiece of legislation was the Maastricht Treaty Bill. After 200 hours of debate it finally got through the Commons but with 41 Conservative MPs voting against it. Once the Bill was through, the PM, John Major, sacked his Chancellor, Norman Lamont and Kenneth Clarke moved to the Treasury.
In May 1994 the political temperature at Westminster rose. The leader of the Labour Party, John Smith, died from a heart attack. In July Tony Blair was elected leader and the way was open for the radical reforms of the Labour Party that would make Labour electable in 1997.
The biggest international development of 1994 was a nuclear weapons test programme carried out by India and then imitated by its 20th Century enemy, Pakistan.
Nelson Mandela |
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (born 1918)- Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa.
- He became a lawyer and then joined the African National Congress in 1944.
- He married Winnie.
- He worked relentlessly for black rights.
- In 1961 he organised a three day national strike and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
- An international campaign was launched to work for his release which was granted in 1990.
- In 1992 he signed a constitutional agreement with President de Klerk designed to wipe out apartheid and introduce democracy.
- In 1994 he became President after the first all-race elections in South Africa.
In November 1993 what had started as the EEC (European Economic Community) and had become the European Community (EC) changed its name to EU (European Union).
 
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| 1979 | Margaret Thatcher PM (Conservative)
Rhodesian settlement at Lancaster House
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| 1980 | Southern Rhodesia becomes Zimbabwe
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| 1981 | Prince Charles marries Lady Diana Spencer
Ronald Reagan President of the USA
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| 1982 | Britain wins the Falklands War
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| 1983 | Margaret Thatcher wins landslide victory
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| 1984 | Indira Gandhi of India assassinated
Death of poet, John Betjeman
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| 1985 | Mikhail Gorbachev succeeds Chernenko as Soviet leader
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| 1986 | Elizabeth II first British monarch to visit China
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| 1987 | Worst storm of the century rages over Great Britain
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| 1988 | George Bush wins US Presidential election
Bruges speech
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| 1989 | Tiananmen Square massacre
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| 1990 | Tories oust Margaret Thatcher
John Major new leader
Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
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| 1991 | The Second Gulf War
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| 1998 | President Clinton is impeached
Good Friday agreement in Northern Ireland
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| 1999 | Kosovo War
Good Friday agreement fails to meet mid-year deadlines for establish Assembly executive
August Eclipse of the Sun
Scottish Parliament opens
Welsh Assembly opens
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| Known Nuclear Weapons States At The End Of 1994 | | • | USA |
| • | Russia |
| • | China |
| • | UK |
| • | France |
| • | India |
| • | Pakistan |
| • | Israel |
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