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Pitt & a New Calendar
William Pitt was still hoping to be Prime Minister but when Henry Pelham died in 1754 the King's relentless dislike of Pitt led to Newcastle becoming Prime Minister and Henry Fox, secretary of state. Pitt's hopes seemed at an end, he was dismissed from the pay office in 1755.
Pitt attacked the Government, for neglecting Britain's trade interests overseas, especially those threatened by France. Two months later a convention was signed between Britain and Prussia; followed by a treaty between the French and the Austrians - a complete reversal of alliances. The French and the British were at war in India and in the north Americas defending trading rights. The Americas were important because they needed iron and wool and this revived the wool industry in Britain and led the young iron industry to boom.
The uneasy peace of Europe slipped away and the Seven Years War began.
William Pitt, the Elder |
WILLIAM PITT, THE ELDER (1708-1778)- First Earl of Chatham
- Whig Prime Minister 1766-1768
- Entered Parliament in 1735
- In the 1740s attacked Hanoverian influence on British war policy
- The King refused him office but in 1746 the Pelham brothers forced King George to change his mind
- George III made him Earl of Chatham and PM in 1766
- Ill health led to his resignation in 1768
The Julius Calendar was named after Julius Caesar, the Gregorian Calendar after Pope Gregory the Thirteenth. The Gregorian New Year was 1st January but the Julius Calendar's New Year was 25th March.
18th Century Men Of Letters
- Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
- Ralph Allen (1694-1764)
- William Blake (1757-1827)
- James Boswell (1740-1795)
- Edmund Burke (1729-1797)
- Robert Burns (1759-1796)
- Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
- Daniel Defoe (1660?-1731)
- David Hume (1711-1776)
- Oliver Goldsmith (1730-1774)
 
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| 1727 | George I dies
George II becomes king
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| 1728 | Irish Catholics deprived of the vote
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| 1731 | Captain Jenkins loses his ear
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| 1739 | War of Jenkins' ear against Spain
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| 1740 | Famine in Ireland
War of Austrian Succession
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| 1742 | Walpole resigns
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| 1742 | Pelham becomes Prime Minister
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| 1745 | Last Jacobite Rebellion breaks out
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| 1746 | Jacobites defeated at Cullodan
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| 1751 | Death of Frederick Prince of Wales
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| 1754 | Tom Pelham, Duke of Newcastle becomes Prime Minister
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| 1756 | Pitt the Elder becomes Secretary at War
Seven Years' War starts
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| 1760 | George II dies
George III becomes king
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