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The Final Charge of an English King
William Pitt played an important part in the Opposition campaign for war against Spain and then again in the extension of that war to the War of Austrian Succession. He claimed it was subservient to Hanoverian interests which lost him the favour of the King. Pitt was encouraged by Pelham and Newcastle who were awaiting their chance to rid themselves of Wilmington and Carteret. This came in 1744 when Carteret was driven from office, Wilmington had died the previous year.
Meanwhile in the spring of 1743 George II and the Duke of Cumberland left England to take part in the war. George II led his troops against the French at Dettingen on the banks of the River Maine. This 'English' King was fighting to protect his Hanoverian interests. The English and the Hanoverians argued. In London many were against continuing this European war. The Jacobites judged their time was right and once more rose against the British throne.
Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of Newcastle |
THOMAS PELHAM-HOLLES (1693-1768)- Duke of Newcastle, landowener and Whig Prime Minister
- After the death of his brother Henry Pelham in 1754, Newcastle became PM, but was ineffectual and resigned in 1756
- Pitt the Elder succeeded him but needed Newcastle's connections; they formed a coalition in 1757
- George III forced Newcastle to resign in 1762
- Became Lord Privy Seal in Rockingham's 1765 administration
William Pitt was MP for Old Sarum. Old Sarum was a "rotten" borough. A borough in which no one lived by the MP was nominated by the landlord. They were sometimes called "pocket" boroughs because the MP were presumably in the landlord's pocket.
 
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| 1727 | George I dies
George II becomes king
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| 1728 | Irish Catholics deprived of the vote
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| 1731 | Captain Jenkins loses his ear
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| 1739 | War of Jenkins' ear against Spain
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| 1740 | Famine in Ireland
War of Austrian Succession
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| 1742 | Walpole resigns
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| 1742 | Pelham becomes Prime Minister
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| 1745 | Last Jacobite Rebellion breaks out
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| 1746 | Jacobites defeated at Cullodan
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| 1751 | Death of Frederick Prince of Wales
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| 1754 | Tom Pelham, Duke of Newcastle becomes Prime Minister
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| 1756 | Pitt the Elder becomes Secretary at War
Seven Years' War starts
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| 1760 | George II dies
George III becomes king
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| 18TH CENTURY COMPOSERS | | • | George Frederick Handel (1685-1759) |
| • | Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) |
| • | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) |
| • | Thomas Augustine Arne (1710-1778) |
| • | William Boyce (1710-1779) |
| • | Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) |
| • | Luigi Boccherini (1743-1805) |
| • | Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) |
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