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One of the quirks of the Covid-19 virus is the many symptoms and how those affect different people. Some are not even aware they are infected, the majority experience mild symptoms, but for a minority the effects are devastating. Age and pre-existing conditions explain some of the disparities and there are social factors but variations in immune response also play a part.

Haley Randolph of Chicago University has been comparing the immune responses of people of American-European ancestry with those of American-African ancestry, to see if there were differences in how their immune cells responded to viral infection. For this research, she used an influenza virus from a previous pandemic. She found that the response varied enormously, and that people with a higher proportion of European ancestry had a more effective defence, but stressed that this could also be down to environmental factors.

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