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Two experts on 17th-century African history, professors Linda Heywood and Roquinaldo Ferreira tell Rajan Datar how Queen Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba inspired not just the 20th-century fight for Angolan independence but also today’s pride in Brazil’s African cultural heritage.

(Photo: A detail from Giovanni Antonio Cavazzi da Montecuccolo's 1668 manuscript Missione evangelica nel Regno de Congo showing Queen Njinga with bow and arrow and battle axe. Credit: Vincenzo Negro)