4 garlic cloves, finely grated
thumb-size piece fresh root ginger, peeled and finely grated
1 or 2 dried chillies, depending on personal preference
1 tsp black peppercorns
1 tsp ground cinnamon
3 tbsp coriander seeds
2 tbsp cumin seeds
1 tsp fennel seeds
1 tbsp mustard seeds
1 tsp paprika
1 tsp salt
vegetable or sunflower oil, to cover the paste for storing
1 tbsp tomato purée
1 tsp ground turmeric
4 tbsp white wine vinegar or cider vinegar