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Darwin studied plants, animals and fossils. His theory of evolution challenged many religious beliefs about creation and shaped the modern scientific understanding of evolution.

Florence Nightingale nursed soldiers during the Crimean War and her work had a lasting impact on the nursing profession.

Surgery in the early 19th century was extremely dangerous. Lister was a pioneer of antiseptic surgery, and his work helped reduce deaths from surgical infections.

Mary Seacole travelled to Crimea where she opened and ran the British Hotel - providing treatment and hospitality for wounded and ill soldiers during the Crimean War.